柴达木盆地新构造运动主要特征与成因机制

研究表明，在壳幔结构、地球物理背景、沉积物结构、多层关地幔和构造样式等方面，达木盆地与中国东部新生代裂谷类伸展盆地具有可比性，应该归属 展性盆 。盆地伸展和收缩作用相间进行，伸展起因于地幔底辟；而收缩受两人因素影响；（１）盆地伸展作用受相邻造山带反作用诱导的挤压应力；（２）板块碰撞传递的远程板内应力。在此基础邮新的构造期达木盆地演化的“双层模式”，即地幔上隆－地壳伸展；被动挤压＋板内应力－地壳收缩     

热液锆石U-Pb定年与石英脉型金矿成矿时代:评述与展望

石英脉型金矿床是最重要的金矿床类型之一,对其成矿时代的精确测定却一直是一道难题.近年来同位素质谱技术的发展使得通过含金石英脉中热液锆石的U-Pb定年来精确限定石英脉型金矿床成矿时代成为可能.但含金石英脉中的锆石组成通常较复杂,除有热液锆石外,还可能出现从围岩中捕获的岩浆锆石和变质锆石.锆石成因和组成的这种复杂性,经常导致所获得的U-Pb年龄数据难以解释或缺乏明确的地质意义.因此石英脉型金矿床锆石U-Pb定年的关键是有效区分从成矿流体中直接生长的热液锆石和从围岩中捕获的岩浆锆石或变质锆石.通过锆石形貌、结构、微量元素组成(含稀土元素)、矿物或流体包裹体特征等的系统分析和综合研究,可以较好地区分含金石英脉中的不同成因锆石.在此基础上利用先进的SHRIMP或LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb分析技术对石英脉中的热液锆石进行微区原位定年,可以获得石英脉型金矿床可靠的成矿年龄.     

Late Cenozoic Stratigraphy and Paleomagnetic Chronology of the Zanda Basin, Tibet, and Records of the Uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

The characteristics of Late Cenozoic tectonic uplift of the southern margin of the Qinghai- Tibet Plateau may be inferred from fluvio-lacustrine strata in the Zanda basin, Ngari, Tibet. Magnetostratigraphic study shows that the very thick fluvio-lacustrine strata in the basin are 5.89- 0.78 Ma old and that their deposition persisted for 5.11 Ma, i.e. starting at the end of the Miocene and ending at the end of the early Pleistocene, with the Quaternary glacial stage starting in the area no later than 1.58 Ma. Analysis of the sedimentary environment indicates that the Zanda basin on the southern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau began uplift at -5.89 Ma, later than the northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Presence of gravel beds in the Guge and Qangze Formations reflects that strong uplift took place at -5.15 and -2.71 Ma, with the uplift peaking at -2.71 Ma.     

藏南冈底斯带西段麦拉花岗岩锆石SHRIMP定年及地质意义

用SHRIMP测定了冈底斯岩带西段麦拉山口岩体同碰撞黑云母二长花岗岩锆石的U-Pb年龄,黑云母二长花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为47.1±1.1Ma。这就为前人提出的雅鲁藏布江地区洋盆闭合、板块开始碰撞的时间为50Ma左右提供了同位素年代学的证据。     

内蒙古兴安盟杜尔基岩体特征研究

内蒙古兴安盟杜尔基岩体位于大兴安岭中南段,岩性主要为中—细粒二长花岗（斑）岩、中—粗粒二长花岗岩、细粒二长花岗岩。岩石化学分析结果属于碱性岩系列,具有高硅、高钾、富碱、过铝、贫铁、镁、钙特征。稀土元素总量平均值为112．43μg／g,球粒陨石标准化曲线整体平缓右倾,具有Eu负异常;微量元素蛛网图解表现为“W”型形态．具有明显的Sr、Ba、Ti负异常,反映了强烈的分离结晶作用存在。4个样品K-Ar全岩法测年结果为100．15-120．29Ma,说明岩体形成于早白垩世。反映杜尔基地区在早自垩世可能处于相对稳定的拉张环境。     

中国西秦岭碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄及其构造意义

西秦岭是北接华北克拉通、西接祁连与柴达木、南接松潘—甘孜地块的东秦岭造山带的西延。文中研究了该区从前寒武纪到三叠纪的碎屑沉积岩。这些碎屑沉积岩中分离出的锆石由LA-ICPMS(激光剥蚀等离子体质谱)进行了U-Pb定年。全岩Nd亏损地幔模式年龄类似于扬子克拉通年龄,主要分布于1.55~1.98Ga,峰值为1.81Ga,而与华北克拉通主要为古元古代与太古宙的模式年龄形成明显的对比。泥盆系中的碎屑锆石930~730Ma的U-Pb年龄指示其与扬子克拉通具亲缘性。930~730Ma是源区地壳的强烈增长阶段。二叠系—三叠系的碎屑沉积岩主体以含老于1600Ma的碎屑锆石为特征。碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄与Sm-Nd同位素组成指示此时华北克拉通南缘的基底岩石成为二叠系—三叠系碎屑沉积岩的重要物源。扬子克拉通在三叠纪时与华北克拉通拼接。西秦岭二叠系—三叠系碎屑沉积岩含有高达50%的华北克拉通南缘的基底岩石。     

陕西省洛南县莲花沟岩体LA-ICP MS锆石U-Pb年龄及地质意义

在西起陕西省的金堆城地区,东至河南省栾川南泥湖-三道庄-上房沟、嵩县雷门沟地区的华北地台南缘的东秦岭钼矿带上产出的南泥湖、三道庄、上房沟等一系列钼矿床,均与燕山期中酸性小岩体成矿关系密切,并且成岩成矿年龄集中在110～160 Ma.同样位于该钼矿带上的洛南县莲花沟岩体,其侵位特点与岩石化学特征非常相似.笔者从陕西省洛南县莲花沟岩体地质背景人手,通过LA-ICP-Ms锆石U-Pb定年,获得莲花沟岩体年龄为(147.7±2.0)Ma.恰处于东秦岭钼主成岩成矿年龄范围,这对进一步指导该区的找矿工作,具有重要地质意义.     

U-Pb Age Determination for Seven Standard Zircons using Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry Coupled with Frequency Quintupled Nd-YAG (λ = 213 nm) Laser Ablation System: Comparison with LA-ICP-MS Zircon Analyses with a NIST Glass Reference Material

This paper evaluates the analytical precision, accuracy and long‐term reliability of the U‐Pb age data obtained using inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) with a frequency quintupled Nd‐YAG (λ = 213nm) laser ablation system. The U‐Pb age data for seven standard zircons of various ages, from 28 Ma to 2400 Ma (FCT, SL13, 91500, AS3, FC1, QGNG and PMA7) were obtained with an ablation pit size of 30 μm diameter. For ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb ratio measurement, the mean isotopic ratio obtained on National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) SRM610 over 4 months was 0.9105 ± 0.0014 (n = 280, 95% confidence), which agrees well with the published value of 0.9096. The time‐profile of Pb/U ratios during single spot ablation showed no significant difference in shape from NIST SRM610 and 91500 zircon standards. These results encouraged the use of the glass standard as a calibration standard for the Pb/U ratio determination for zircons with shorter wavelength (λ = 213 nm) laser ablation. But ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U and ²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U ages obtained by this method for seven zircon standards are systematically younger than the published U‐Pb ages obtained by both isotope dilution–thermal ionization mass spectrometry (ID‐TIMS) and sensitive high‐resolution ion‐microprobe (SHRIMP). Greater discrepancies (3–4% younger ages) were found for the ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages for SL13, AS3 and 91500 zircons. The origin of the differences could be heterogeneity in Pb/U ratio on SRM610 between the different disks, but a matrix effect accuracy either in the ICP ion source or in the ablation‐transport processes of the sample aerosols cannot be neglected. When the ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U (= 0.2302) newly defined in the present study is used, the measured ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U and ²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U ages for the seven zircon standards are in good agreement with those from ID‐TIMS and SHRIMP within ±2%. This suggests that SRM610 glass standard is suitable for ICP‐MS with laser ablation sampling (LA‐ICP‐MS) zircon analysis, but it is necessary to determine the correction factor for ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U by measuring several zircon standards in individual laboratories.     

Zircon M257 ‐ a Homogeneous Natural Reference Material for the Ion Microprobe U‐Pb Analysis of Zircon

We introduce and propose zircon M257 as a future reference material for the determination of zircon U‐Pb ages by means of secondary ion mass spectrometry. This light brownish, flawless, cut gemstone specimen from Sri Lanka weighed 5.14 g (25.7 carats). Zircon M257 has TIMS‐determined, mean isotopic ratios (2s uncertainties) of 0.09100 ± 0.00003 for ²⁰⁶pb/²³⁸U and 0.7392 ± 0.0003 for ²⁰⁷pb/²³⁵U. Its ²⁰⁶pb/²³⁸U age is 561.3 ± 0.3 Ma (unweighted mean, uncertainty quoted at the 95% confidence level); the U‐Pb system is concordant within uncertainty of decay constants. Zircon M257 contains ～ 840 μg g^?1 U (Th/U ～ 0.27). The material exhibits remarkably low heterogeneity, with a virtual absence of any internal textures even in cathodoluminescence images. The uniform, moderate degree of radiation damage (estimated from the expansion of unit‐cell parameters, broadening of Raman spectral parameters and density) corresponds well, within the “Sri Lankan trends”, with actinide concentrations, U‐Pb age, and the calculated alpha fluence of 1.66 × 10¹⁸ g^?1. This, and a (U+Th)/He age of 419 ± 9 Ma (2s), enables us to exclude any unusual thermal history or heat treatment, which could potentially have affected the retention of radiogenic Pb. The oxygen isotope ratio of this zircon is 13.9%o VSMOW suggesting a metamorphic genesis in a marble or calc‐silicate skarn.     

藏东八宿地区泛非期花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年

卡穷细粒黑云母碱长花岗岩出露于藏东八宿县同卡地区,是藏东地区首次发现的泛非期花岗岩.卡穷微陆块呈岩片状夹持于班公湖-怒江缝合带内,卡穷岩群构成卡穷微陆块的主体,卡穷岩群是由花岗岩、花岗片麻岩、黑云斜长片麻岩、大理岩、黑云斜长变粒岩、退变榴辉岩等组成的构造地质体.卡穷细粒黑云母碱长花岗岩获得的锆石SHRIMPU-Pb年龄为507Ma±10Ma,为泛非事件的岩浆活动记录,进一步证实班公湖-怒江板块缝合带以南是泛非期基底,为解决青藏高原南部的构造演化问题提供了新资料.